µ±Ç°Î»ÖãºÊ×Ò³ > ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½ø
ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½ø
×÷ÕߣºÈɭ Ðû²¼Ê±¼ä£º2025-07-30
gsdbkhjqwbfusdhifolkwebnr

?ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½ø|

ÔÚÍøÂçÊÀ½çÖУ¬Ò»¸öÁîÈËÕ𾪵ØÐÂÎż´½«Òý·¢ÍøÓÑÈÈÒ鵨Èȳ±¡£ÄǾÍÊÇ?ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½ø£¬ÕâÒ»´´ÐÂÐÔµÄÏîÄ¿²»½öÊÇÒ»´Î¼¼ÊõÉý¼¶£¬¸üÊǶÔÍøÂçÉ罻ƽ̨µÄ¸ïÃüÐÔÍ»ÆÆ¡£ÈÃÎÒÃÇÒ»ÆðÉîÈë̽ÌÖÕâ¸öÁîÈËÕ¦ÉàµØµÄÏÖÏó¡£

Ê×ÏÈ£¬ÈÃÎÒÃÇÀ´¿´¿´?ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½øµÄÅä¾°ºÍ½ç˵¡£?ÌìÑÄproÊÇÒ»¿îÁìÏȵÄÉ罻ƽ̨£¬Ö¼ÔÚΪÓû§ÌṩԽ·¢±ã½ÝÁ÷³©µÄä¯ÀÀÌåÑ飬ͬʱÔöÇ¿Óû§Ö®¼äµÄ»¥¶¯ºÍ·ÖÏí¡£¶ø?ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½ø£¬Ôò½øÒ»²½½«ÕâÒ»ÀíÄîÑÓÉìµ½ÁËÍøÒ³ä¯ÀÀ¶Ë£¬ÈÃÓû§Äܹ»¸üÇáËɵػá¼ûƽ̨ÄÚÈÝ£¬¼ÓÈë»°ÌâÌÖÂÛ£¬ÒÔ¼°·ÖÏí×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍ¾­Àú¡£

Ëæ×ÅÒÆ¶¯»¥ÁªÍøµÄѸÃÍÉú³¤£¬?ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½øµÄÍÆ³ö¿ÉνÊÇ˳Ӧ³±Ë®µÄÒ»¶¨Ñ¡Ôñ¡£Óû§ÃÇ¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýPC¶ËÇáËÉä¯ÀÀÄÚÈÝ£¬·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬¼ÓÈ뻥¶¯£¬¶øÎÞÐèÊÜÏÞÓÚÊÖ»úÆÁÄ»µÄ´óС£¬²Ù×÷µÄδ±ãµÈÎÊÌâ¡£ÕâÖÖ¸ïм«´óµØÌáÉýÁËÓû§ÌåÑ飬ÈÃÓû§ÃÇ×ÅÃÔÆäÖУ¬Í£²»ÏÂÀ´¡£

È»¶ø£¬Ëæ×Å?ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½øµÄ¹ã·ºÆÕ¼°£¬Ò²Òý·¢ÁËһЩÕùÒéºÍ¸ºÃæÓ°Ïì¡£Ò»Ð©ÍøÓÑÖÊÒÉÆäÄþ¾²ÐÔºÍÒþ˽ÑÚ»¤ÎÊÌ⣬µ£ÓÇСÎÒ˽¼ÒÐÅÏ¢»á±»Ð¹Â¶»òÀÄÓá£Í¬Ê±£¬Ò»Ð©²»Á¼ÄÚÈݵÄÁ÷´«Ò²Ê¹µÃƽ̨ÖÎÀíÃæÁÙÌôÕ½¡£ÕâЩÎÊÌâ³ÉΪÁ˱³ºóµÄ¹ÊÊ£¬Òý·¢ÍøÓÑÈÈÒ飬Éî¿ÌÒý·¢ÁËÉç»áµÄ˼¿¼¡£

һЩ¾ªÏÕ¾ÖÃæÒ²ÔÚ?ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½øµÄÔËÓªÖз¢Éú¹ý£¬¾¯Ê¾×ÅÆ½Ì¨¼°Óû§±ØÐëʱ¿Ì±£³Ö¾¯Ì衣Ȼ¶ø£¬ÕýÊÇÕâЩÌôÕ½ºÍÎÊÌ⣬´Ùʹ?ÌìÑÄpro²»Í£ÍêÉÆ£¬ÔöÇ¿Äþ¾²ÐÔºÍî¿ÏµÁ¦¶È£¬Å¬Á¦Ïû³ý¸ºÃæÓ°Ï죬ÈÃÆ½Ì¨Ô½·¢¿µ½¡¿ÉÁ¬ÐøµØÉú³¤¡£

ÔÚ»ý¼«Ó¦¶ÔÌôÕ½µÄͬʱ£¬?ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½øÒ²ÔÚ²»Í£ÍØÕ¹×Ô¼ºµÄ½çÏÞ£¬ÎªÓû§´øÀ´¸ü¸»ºñ¶àÑùµÄÄÚÈݺÍÌåÑé¡£ÀýÈ磬ͨ¹ýÒýÈëй¦Ð§Ä£¿é¡¢ÔöÇ¿ÉçÇøÖÎÀí¡¢¾Ù°ìÏßÏÂÔ˶¯µÈ·½Ê½£¬?ÌìÑÄpro²»½öÎüÒýÁ˸ü¶àÓû§µÄ¼ÓÈ룬Ҳ¼ÓÉîÁËÓû§Ö®¼äµÄ»¥¶¯Óë½»Á÷£¬Ê÷Á¢ÁË×Ô¼ºÔÚÉ罻ƽ̨ÁìÓòµÄÁìÏÈְλ¡£

δÀ´£¬?ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½ø½«¼ÌÐø×·Çó´´Ð£¬Óµ±§±ä»¯£¬Ãæ¶ÔÌôÕ½£¬²»Í£ÌáÉýÓû§ÌåÑ飬Ô츣¸ü¶àÓû§ÈºÌ塣ͬʱ£¬Æ½Ì¨Ò²½«ÔöÇ¿ÏàÖúÓëî¿Ïµ£¬²»Í£ÓÅ»¯ÄÚÈÝÉú̬£¬Å¬Á¦×öµ½ÄÚÈÝÄþ¾²¡¢ÉçÇøºÍг£¬ÎªÉç»á½¨ÉèÒ»¸öÔ½·¢¿µ½¡¡¢»ý¼«µÄÍøÂçÇé¿ö¡£

?ÌìÑÄproÍøÒ³°æ½ø±³ºóÕæÏàÁîÈËÕ𾪵ؽÒʾÁËÉ罻ƽ̨µÄÉú³¤ÂöÂ磬ͬʱҲ½ÌÓý×ÅÎÒÃÇÈçºÎÔÚÍøÂçÊÀ½çÖб£³Ö¾¯Ì裬×ðÖØËûÈË£¬ÔÚ¹²½¨¹²ÏíµÄÀíÄîÏÂÅäºÏ½ø²½¡£ÈÃÎÒÃÇÅäºÏ¹Ø×¢£¬ÅäºÏ¼ÓÈ룬ÅäºÏ̽ÌÖ£¬ÅäºÏµÞÔìÒ»¸ö¸üÃÀºÃµÄÍøÂçÊÀ½ç¡£

PythonÅÀ³æ¼¼Êõ£¬Êý¾ÝץȡÓëÍøÂçÐÅÏ¢»ñÈ¡|

ÔÚµ±½ñµÄÐÅϢʱ´ú£¬Êý¾ÝÎÞ´¦²»ÔÚ£¬¶øPythonÅÀ³æ¼¼Êõ³ÉΪÁË»ñÈ¡ÕâЩÊý¾ÝµÄÇ¿´ó¹¤¾ß¡£±¾ÎĽ«ÉîÈë̽ÌÖPythonÅÀ³æ¼¼Êõ£¬½ÒʾÆäÔÚÊý¾ÝץȡºÍÍøÂçÐÅÏ¢»ñÈ¡·½ÃæµÄÓ¦Óã¬×ÊÖúÄãÁ˽âÈçºÎÀûÓÃPython¹¹½¨Ç¿´óµÄÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½£¬´ÓÍâÍø»ñÈ¡ËùÐèÐÅÏ¢¡£

PythonÅÀ³æ»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶

Python×÷ΪһÃżòÁ·¡¢Ò×ѧµÄ±à³ÌÓïÑÔ£¬ÔÚÅÀ³æÁìÓòÓÐ׏㷺µÄÓ¦Óá£ÆäÇ¿´óµÄ¿âÖ§³ÖºÍÁé»îµÄÓ﷨ʹµÃ±àдÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½±äµÃ¼òÆÓ¸ßЧ¡£ÎÒÃÇÐèÒªÁ˽âPythonÅÀ³æµÄ»ù±¾Ô­Àí¡£ÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½Í¨¹ýÄ£ÄâÓû§ÔÚä¯ÀÀÆ÷ÖеÄÐÐΪ£¬ÏòÄ¿±ê²úÎï·¢ËÍÇëÇ󣬽ÓÊÕ·þÎñÆ÷·µ»ØµÄHTML¡¢JSONµÈÊý¾Ý¡£½ÓÏÂÀ´£¬ÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½¶ÔÕâЩÊý¾Ý½øÐнâÎö£¬ÌáÈ¡³öÎÒÃǸÐÐËȤµÄÐÅÏ¢¡£

ÔÚPythonÖУ¬³£ÓõÄÅÀ³æ¿â°üÂÞ£º

  • requests£ºÓÃÓÚ·¢ËÍHTTPÇëÇ󣬻ñÈ¡ÍøÒ³ÄÚÈÝ¡£
  • Beautiful Soup£ºÓÃÓÚ½âÎöHTMLºÍXMLÎĵµ£¬ÌáÈ¡Êý¾Ý¡£
  • Scrapy£ºÒ»¸öÇ¿´óµÄÅÀ³æ¿ò¼Ü£¬ÌṩÁ˸»ºñµÄ¹¦Ð§£¬Èç²¢·¢´¦Öóͷ£¡¢Êý¾Ý´æ´¢µÈ¡£
  • Selenium£ºÓÃÓÚÄ£Äâä¯ÀÀÆ÷ÐÐΪ£¬´¦Öóͷ£JavaScriptäÖȾµÄÒ³Ãæ¡£
ÕÆÎÕÕâЩ¿âµÄ»ù±¾Ó÷¨ÊDZàдPythonÅÀ³æµÄ»ù´¡¡££¬Ê¹ÓÃrequests¿â·¢ËÍGETÇëÇó»ñÈ¡ÍøÒ³ÄÚÈÝ£º

import requests
url = 'https://www.example.com'
response = requests.get(url)
print(response.text)

ʹÓÃBeautiful Soup½âÎöHTML£º

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
title = soup.find('title').text
print(title)

ͨ¹ýÕâЩ»ù±¾²Ù×÷£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿ªÊ¼¹¹½¨¼òÆÓµÄÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½£¬´ÓÍâÍø»ñÈ¡Êý¾Ý¡£

PythonÅÀ³æÊµÕ½£ºÊý¾Ýץȡ°¸Àý·ÖÎö

  • PythonÅÀ³æ×¥È¡ÐÂÎŲúÎïÊý¾Ý
  • ÒÔץȡÐÂÎŲúÎïÊý¾ÝΪÀý£¬ÎÒÃÇÐèҪȷ¶¨Ä¿±ê²úÎïµÄURLºÍÊý¾ÝÌáÈ¡µÄ¹æÔò¡£Í¨Ì«¹ýÎöÍøÒ³µÄHTML½á¹¹£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÕÒµ½ÐÂÎűêÌâ¡¢Ðû²¼Ê±¼ä¡¢×÷ÕßµÈÐÅÏ¢ËùÔڵıêÇ©ºÍÊôÐÔ¡£Ê¹ÓÃBeautiful Soup»òÆäËû½âÎö¿â£¬ÌáÈ¡ÕâЩÊý¾Ý¡££¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃfind_all()ÒªÁìÕÒµ½ËùÓаüÂÞÐÂÎűêÌâµÄ±êÇ©£¬ÔÙʹÓÃget()ÒªÁì»ñÈ¡±êÇ©µÄÎı¾ÄÚÈÝ¡£

    ÒÔÏÂÊÇÒ»¸ö¼òÆÓµÄץȡÐÂÎűêÌâµÄʾÀý´úÂ룺

    import requests
    from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

    url = 'https://news.example.com'
    response = requests.get(url)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, 'html.parser')
    titles = soup.find_all('h2', class_='news-title')
    for title in titles:
    print(title.text)

    ÔÚÕâ¸öÀý×ÓÖУ¬ÎÒÃǼÙÉèÐÂÎűêÌâ¶¼°üÂÞÔÚ<h2>±êÇ©ÖУ¬¶øÇÒ¾ßÓÐclassÊôÐÔ'news-title'¡£

  • PythonÅÀ³æ×¥È¡µçÉ̲úÎïÉÌÆ·Êý¾Ý
  • µçÉ̲úÎïͨ³£°üÂÞ´óÁ¿µÄÉÌÆ·ÐÅÏ¢£¬°üÂÞÉÌÆ·Ãû³Æ¡¢¼ÛÇ®¡¢ÃèÊö¡¢Í¼Æ¬µÈ¡£×¥È¡µçÉ̲úÎïÉÌÆ·Êý¾ÝÐèÒªÔ½·¢Ï¸ÖµĽâÎöºÍ´¦Öóͷ£¡£ÎÒÃÇÐèÒªÕÒµ½ÉÌÆ·ÁбíÒ³µÄURL£¬²¢·ÖÎöÍøÒ³µÄ½á¹¹¡£Ê¹ÓÃPythonÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½·¢ËÍÇëÇ󣬻ñÈ¡HTMLÄÚÈÝ¡£

    ½ÓÏÂÀ´£¬Ê¹ÓýâÎö¿â£¨ÈçBeautiful Soup£©»òÕýÔò±í´ïʽ£¬ÌáÈ¡ÉÌÆ·ÐÅÏ¢¡££¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÌáÈ¡ÉÌÆ·Ãû³Æ¡¢¼ÛÇ®µÈÐÅÏ¢¡£¶ÔÓÚͼƬ£¬ÐèÒª»ñȡͼƬµÄURL£¬²¢ÏÂÔØµ½µ±µØ¡£ÎªÁËÌá¸ßЧÂÊ£¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓöàÏ̻߳òÒì²½²Ù×÷À´²¢·¢ÏÂÔØÍ¼Æ¬¡£

    ͬʱ£¬ÐèҪעÒâµçÉ̲úÎïµÄ·´ÅÀ³æÕ½ÂÔ¡££¬²úÎï¿ÉÄÜ»áÏÞÖÆIP»á¼ûƵÂÊ¡¢Ê¹ÓÃÑéÖ¤ÂëµÈ¡£ÎªÁËÓ¦¶ÔÕâЩÎÊÌ⣬¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÊðÀíIP¡¢Óû§ÊðÀí³Ø¡¢ÑéÖ¤Âëʶ±ðµÈ¼¼Êõ¡£

    PythonÅÀ³æ¼¼Êõ½ø½×£º¸ß¼¶¼¼ÇÉÓë×¢ÒâÊÂÏî

    ÔÚʵ¼ÊµÄÅÀ³æ¿ª·¢ÖУ¬»áÓöµ½ÖÖÖÖÅÓ´óµÄÇé¿ö£¬ÐèÒªÕÆÎÕһЩ¸ß¼¶¼¼ÇÉ¡£

  • ·´ÅÀ³æÕ½ÂÔÓ¦¶Ô
  • Ðí¶à²úÎï»á½ÓÄÉ·´ÅÀ³æÕ½ÂÔ£¬ÒÔ·ÀÖ¹ÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½Ì«¹ýץȡÊý¾Ý¡£³£¼ûµÄ·´ÅÀ³æÕ½ÂÔ°üÂÞ£º

    • User-Agent¼ì²â£º²úÎï»á¼ì²éÇëÇóµÄUser-Agent£¬Èç¹û·¢ÏÖÊÇÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½£¬¿ÉÄÜ»á¾Ü¾ø»á¼û¡£
    • IPÏÞÖÆ£º²úÎï»áÏÞÖÆÍ¬Ò»IPµÄ»á¼ûƵÂÊ£¬Áè¼ÝÏÞÖÆ¿ÉÄܻᱻ·â½û¡£
    • ÑéÖ¤Â룺²úÎï»áʹÓÃÑéÖ¤ÂëÀ´Çø·ÖÓû§ºÍÅÀ³æ¡£
    • ¶¯Ì¬¼ÓÔØ£ºÒ»Ð©²úÎïʹÓÃJavaScript¶¯Ì¬¼ÓÔØÄÚÈÝ£¬ÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½ÎÞ·¨Ö±½Ó»ñÈ¡¡£

    ΪÁËÓ¦¶ÔÕâЩ·´ÅÀ³æÕ½ÂÔ£¬ÎÒÃÇÐèÒª½ÓÄÉÏàÓ¦µÄ´ëÊ©¡££¬¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃUser-Agent³Ø£¬Ëæ»úÇл»User-Agent£»Ê¹ÓÃÊðÀíIP£¬Òþ²ØÕæÊµµÄIPµØÖ·£»Ê¹ÓÃOCR¼¼Êõʶ±ðÑéÖ¤Â룻ʹÓÃSeleniumµÈ¹¤¾ßÄ£Äâä¯ÀÀÆ÷ÐÐΪ£¬´¦Öóͷ£JavaScriptäÖȾµÄÒ³Ãæ¡£

  • Scrapy¿ò¼ÜÏê½â
  • ScrapyÊÇÒ»¸öÇ¿´óµÄPythonÅÀ³æ¿ò¼Ü£¬ËüÌṩÁËÒ»ÕûÌ×¹¤¾ß£¬¿ÉÒÔ¼ò»¯ÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½µÄ¿ª·¢¡£Scrapy¿ò¼ÜµÄ½¹µã×é¼þ°üÂÞ£º

    • Spider£º½ç˵ÁËÅÀÈ¡µÄÂß¼­ºÍ¹æÔò¡£
    • Item£º½ç˵ÁËÒªÌáÈ¡µÄÊý¾ÝµÄ½á¹¹¡£
    • Pipeline£ºÓÃÓÚ´¦Öóͷ£ÌáÈ¡µÄÊý¾Ý£¬Èç´æ´¢µ½Êý¾Ý¿â¡¢½øÐÐÊý¾ÝÇåÏ´µÈ¡£
    • Middleware£ºÓÃÓÚ´¦Öóͷ£ÇëÇóºÍÏìÓ¦£¬ÈçÉèÖÃUser-Agent¡¢´¦Öóͷ£ÊðÀíIPµÈ¡£

    ʹÓÃScrapy¿ò¼Ü£¬¿ÉÒÔ¿ìËÙ¹¹½¨ÅÓ´óµÄÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½¡££¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ½¨ÉèÒ»¸öSpiderÀ࣬½ç˵ÅÀÈ¡µÄURLÏ¢ÕùÎö¹æÔò£»½¨ÉèÒ»¸öItemÀ࣬½ç˵ҪÌáÈ¡µÄÊý¾ÝµÄ×ֶΣ»½¨ÉèÒ»¸öPipelineÀ࣬ÓÃÓÚ½«Êý¾Ý´æ´¢µ½Êý¾Ý¿âÖС£Scrapy¿ò¼ÜÌṩÁËÒì²½´¦Öóͷ£¡¢²¢·¢´¦Öóͷ£µÈ¹¦Ð§£¬¿ÉÒÔ´ó´óÌá¸ßÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½µÄЧÂÊ¡£



    PythonÅÀ³æ¼¼ÊõÊÇ»ñÈ¡ÍâÍøÊý¾ÝµÄÖØÒª¹¤¾ß£¬ÕÆÎÕPythonÅÀ³æ»ù´¡ÖªÊ¶¡¢Êý¾Ýץȡ°¸Àý·ÖÎöºÍ¸ß¼¶¼¼ÇÉ£¬¿ÉÒÔ×ÊÖúÄã¹¹½¨Ç¿´óµÄÅÀ³æ·¨Ê½¡£ÔÚʵ¼ÊÓ¦ÓÃÖУ¬ÐèҪעÒâ·´ÅÀ³æÕ½ÂÔ£¬²¢Áé»îÔËÓÃÖÖÖÖ¼¼Êõ£¬²ÅÆøÓÐЧµØ»ñÈ¡ËùÐèÊý¾Ý¡£Ï£Íû±¾ÎÄÄܹ»×ÊÖúÄãÉîÈëÁ˽âPythonÅÀ³æ¼¼Êõ£¬²¢ÔÚÊý¾ÝץȡµÄÃÅ·ÉÏÔ½×ßÔ½Ô¶¡£